Syntax

The Sentence

The base unit of Ragul is a sentence — multiple roots interacting, terminated by a full stop.

root₁-suffixes  root₂-suffixes  root₃-suffixes.

Because every root's role is encoded in its suffix chain, word order is free. These sentences are identical:

English aliasesHungarian

x-from  output-into  copy-doing.
output-into  copy-doing  x-from.
copy-doing  x-from  output-into.

x-ból  kimenet-ba  másol-va.
kimenet-ba  másol-va  x-ból.
másol-va  x-ból  kimenet-ba.

The Word

A Ragul word is a root followed by a suffix chain. The suffix stack follows a fixed hierarchy:

root - [possession] - [aspect]* - [action] - [error] - case

Layer	Position	Role
Root	Base	The thing being described
Possession	Innermost suffix	Ownership / scope / lifetime
Aspect(s)	Middle (repeatable)	Transformations applied to the root
Action	After aspects	Executes the operation (`-va` / `-doing`)
Error	After action	Propagates failure upward (`-e` / `-?`)
Case	Outermost suffix	The role this word plays in the sentence

Suffix Stacking

Aspect suffixes stack left to right, each operating on the result of the previous. This encodes a mini-pipeline inside a single word:

English aliasesHungarian

data-filter-filter-sorted-from
// data → filter → filter → sort → FROM

data-szűrve-szűrve-rendezve-ból
// data → filter → filter → sort → FROM

Multiple -val / -with arguments bind to aspects in left-to-right order:

English aliasesHungarian

data-filter-filter-sorted-from  3-above-with  10-below-with  output-into  copy-doing.
// FROM data→filter(>3)→filter(<10)→sort,  INTO output,  AS copy

data-szűrve-szűrve-rendezve-ból  3-felett-val  10-alatt-val  kimenet-ba  másol-va.
// FROM data→filter(>3)→filter(<10)→sort,  INTO output,  AS copy

Suffix Aliases

Each suffix has a canonical Hungarian form plus optional aliases. The parser treats all aliases as identical. Use whichever reads most naturally to you.

Role	Canonical	English	Symbol
Source (from)	`-ból` / `-ből`	`-from`	`-<`
Target (into)	`-ba` / `-be`	`-into`	`->`
Instrument (with)	`-val` / `-vel`	`-with`	`-&`
Context (at/scope)	`-nál` / `-nél`	`-at`	`-@`
Role (acting as)	`-ként`	`-as`	`-:`
Object (acted on)	`-t`	`-it`	`-*`
Action (execute)	`-va` / `-ve`	`-doing`	`-!`
Error propagation	`-e`	`-else-fail`	`-?`

Mixed alias usage within the same file is permitted — the parser does not enforce consistency.

Assignment

Assignment is not special syntax — it is an ordinary sentence. The target carries -be / -> (into) and the value carries -t / -it (accusative):

English aliasesHungarian

x-into  3-it.
lista-into  [1, 2, 3]-it.
greeting-into  "hello"-it.

x-be  3-t.
lista-be  [1, 2, 3]-t.
üdvözlet-be  "hello"-t.

-be is the front-vowel harmonic variant of -ba. Both mean into — the choice follows vowel harmony with the root. No type annotation is required — the compiler infers types from the value.

There is no special assignment operator. Assignment is just a sentence where a value flows into a named target.

Comments

Comments begin with // and run to the end of the line:

// This is a comment
x-be  3-t.   // inline comment

Lists

List literals use square brackets with comma-separated elements:

English aliasesHungarian

lista-into  [1, 2, 3]-it.
words-into  ["alma", "körte", "szilva"]-it.
matrix-into  [[1,2], [3,4]]-it.

lista-be  [1, 2, 3]-t.
szavak-be  ["alma", "körte", "szilva"]-t.
mátrix-be  [[1,2], [3,4]]-t.

Scopes and Indentation

Ragul uses indentation (tabs) to define scope boundaries. A new indent level opens a new scope; dedenting closes it.

English aliasesHungarian

számítás-ours
    x-into  3-it.
    y-into  10-it.
    result-into  x-y-add-it.
    result-from  output-into  write-doing.

// x, y, result do not exist here

számítás-unk
    x-be  3-t.
    y-be  10-t.
    eredmény-be  x-y-össze-t.
    eredmény-ből  kimenet-be  ír-va.

// x, y, eredmény do not exist here

See Functions & Scopes for the full scoping model.